Nutritional Awareness and Dietary Choices of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes at Ho Teaching Hospital.

Gracia Helarie Fraikue, Ghana
Jonathan Annan-Asare, Ghana
Priscilla Amenya, Ghana
Frances Betty Fraikue, Ghana

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) involves metabolic disorders leading to elevated blood glucose, stemming from insufficient insulin or reduced cellular response, causing acute organ complications. This study aimed to evaluate nutrition knowledge and dietary habits in adults with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) at Ho Teaching Hospital (HTH) for enhanced interventions. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a cross-sectional study of 100 T2DM patients (20-65 years), 39.4% exhibited satisfactory nutrition knowledge. Overweight/obesity prevailed, with a mean fasting blood glucose of 11.1 mmol/L confirming T2DM. Effective nutrition, indicated by good Dietary Reference Nutrient Knowledge, was crucial. Irregular meal patterns and a preference for high-fiber foods were noted. While 70% reported regular exercise, the efficacy in combating obesity, especially among older participants, remained uncertain. CONCLUSION: Many T2DM participants, particularly obese females, consumed low-fiber foods. Enhanced dietitian feedback and follow-ups are essential for improved adherence to recommended diet plans and health outcomes.