Mortality and environment in Antananarivo, Madagascar: Identification of hotspots at the neighborhood level

Géraldine Duthé, Institut National d'Études Démographiques (INED)
Basile Rousse, INED
Hasina Joelinitahina Rabarison, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
Anjarasoa Rasoanomenjanahary, Bureau Municipal d'Hygiène de la commune urbaine d'Antananarivo
Tamby Alson Ramangalahy Andrianjafiarinoa, Bureau municipal d'Hygiène de la Commune urbaine d'Antananarivo (BMH)
Valérie Golaz, Institut National d'Études Démographiques (INED)
Sylvain Lobry, LIPADE, Université Paris Cité
Laurent Wendling, LIPADE, Université Paris Cité

Due to a lack of reliable statistics, little is known about health and environment at a fine scale in many African cities. Vulnerability to high density, pollution, flooding, lack of greenness, heatwaves lead to higher rates of specific causes (e.g. infectious and respiratory diseases). Recent advances in spatial imaging technologies, along with their growing accessibility, allow for the acquisition of high-resolution temporal and spatial data worldwide. In this paper, we aim to explore the environmental urban penalty, identifying adverse environmental hotspots and measuring to what extent they are related to relatively high levels of total and cause-specific mortality. To do so, we analyse for a recent period (2016-2020) the correlation between environmental characteristics (local climate zones, altitudes, greenness, air pollution…), and mortality at the neighborhood level, on the basis of the very unique dataset that compiles all registered deaths in Antananarivo, the capital city of Madagascar.